USE OF SEISMIC WAVEFORMS AND INSAR DATA FOR DETERMINATION OF THE SEISMOTECTONICS OF THE MAINLING M_S6.9 EARTHQUAKE ON NOV.18, 2017          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Yun-hua  SHAN Xin-jian  ZHANG Ying-feng  ZHAO De-zheng  QU Chun-yan 《地震地质》2018,40(6):1254-1275

On November 18, 2017, a M_S6.9 earthquake struck Mainling County, Tibet, with a depth of 10km. The earthquake occurred at the eastern Himalaya syntaxis. The Namche Barwan moved northward relative to the Himalayan terrane and was subducted deeply beneath the Lhasa terrane, forming the eastern syntaxis after the collision of the Indian plate and Asian plates. Firstly, this paper uses the far and near field broadband seismic waveform for joint inversion (CAPJoint method)of the earthquake focal mechanism. Two groups of nodal planes are obtained after 1000 times Bootstrap test. The strike, dip and rake of the best solution are calculated to be 302°, 76° and 84° (the nodal plane Ⅰ)and 138°, 27° and 104° (the nodal plane Ⅱ), respectively. This event was captured by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)measurements from the Sentinel-1A radar satellite, which provide the opportunity to determine the fault plane, as well as the co-seismic slip distribution, and assess the seismic hazards. The overall trend of the deformation field revealed by InSAR is consistent with the GPS displacement field released by the Gan Wei-Jun's team. Geodesy (InSAR and GPS)observation of the earthquake deformation field shows the northeastern side of the epicenter uplifting and the southwestern side sinking. According to geodetic measurements and the thrust characteristics of fault deformation field, we speculate that the nodal plane Ⅰ is the true rupture plane. Secondly, based on the focal mechanism, we use InSAR data as the constraint to invert for the fine slip distribution on the fault plane. Our best model suggests that the seismogenic fault is a NW-SE striking thrust fault with a high angle. Combined with the slip distribution and aftershocks, we suggest that the earthquake is a high-angle thrust event, which is caused by the NE-dipping thrust beneath the Namche Barwa syntaxis subducted deeply beneath the Lhasa terrane.  相似文献   

Channel precipitation dynamics in a forested Pennsylvania headwater catchment (USA)     

Travis W. Crayosky  David R. Dewalle  Thomas A. Seybert  Thomas E. Johnson 《水文研究》1999,13(9):1303-1314

Seasonal and event variations in stream channel area and the contributions of channel precipitation to stream flow were studied on a 106‐ha forested headwater catchment in central Pennsylvania. Variations in stream velocity, flowing stream surface width and widths of near‐stream saturated areas were periodically monitored at 61 channel transects over a two‐year period. The area of flowing stream surface and near‐stream saturated zones combined, ranged from 0·07% of basin area during summer low flows to 0·60% of total basin area during peak storm flows. Near‐stream saturated zones generally represented about half of the total channel area available to intercept throughfall and generate channel precipitation. Contributions of routed channel precipitation from the flowing stream surface and near‐stream zones, calculated using the Penn State Runoff Model (PSRM, v. 95), represented from 1·1 to 6·4% of total stream flow and 2·5–29% of total storm flow (stream flow–antecedent baseflow) during the six events. Areas of near‐stream saturated zones contributed 35–52% of the computed channel precipitation during the six events. Channel precipitation contributed a higher percentage of stream flow for events with low antecedent baseflow when storm flow generated by subsurface sources was relatively low. Expansion of channel area and consequent increases in volumes of channel precipitation with flow increases during events was non‐linear, with greater rates of change occurring at lower than at higher discharge rates. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

台风路径及频次与陕西关中秋淋天气相关分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

侯建忠  鲁渊平  王川  雷斌 《气象》2005,31(5):70-73

统计分析了1961～2003年西太平洋125°E以西的台风活动与陕西关中秋淋天气的关系。结果表明在秋淋偏多年份,同期台风路径以西行为主,秋季降水偏少年份,台风路径以北上、回转居多。  相似文献   

"98·7"鄂东特大暴雨雷达反演资料的变分同化数值试验   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王叶红  赵玉春  崔春光 《气象科学》2005,25(5):450-458

采用η坐标中尺度有限区域模式,对"98·7"鄂东沿江突发性特大暴雨进行了数字化天气雷达探测降水资料调整湿度廓线的一维变分同化的敏感性试验.结果表明(1)最速下降算法的控制精度EPS取值越小,则变分同化后模式预报的降水量更接近于实况,但迭代次数会增加.(2)降水资料进行同化时,在一定程度上忽略降水量值相对较小的点的同化,对结果不会产生重大影响,但降雨核(强降水中心)的同化至关重要,其参与同化与否可以影响整个预报效果.  相似文献   

中韩双边关系演进过程及影响因子探析     

王元  韩增林  彭飞  蒋开萍 《世界地理研究》2019,28(5):35-43

韩国是连接黄海和日本海重要的通道口，其地理位置有着特殊的地缘作用。中韩关系的发展对于保障中国在东北亚地区的国防安全、地缘战略政策的实施等均具有重要的现实意义。利用事件数据分析法对2006—2017年中韩双边关系事件进行量化分析，进而归纳出两国双边关系的演化特征及影响因素，最后提出对中韩双边关系发展的建议与展望。结论表明：①2006—2017年，中韩关系大致经历了四个阶段：快速发展阶段、平稳发展阶段、波动调整阶段和波动下滑阶段；②中韩双边关系受国家综合实力和权力优势的改变、韩国领导人的政治倾向与对外政策、地缘作用、域外大国的干涉、朝鲜半岛局势的变化等因素的影响；③中韩两国应积极加深中韩间的复合依赖关系、建立多渠道沟通机制、基于均势秩序建立多边合作机制等建议。  相似文献   

雨滴对水-气界面溶解氧与pH扩散影响的平面光极观测方法     

姜子可  于新生  靳卫卫 《海洋学报》2018,40(7):134-142

水-气界面是一个重要的物质交换过程界面，对生态系统及生物地球化学循环过程有着重要影响。自然界的降雨可以改变水体表面平衡状态，提高气体在界面的通量交换速率，使得水体界面溶解氧和pH的水平、垂直方向浓度分布发生变化。本文利用平面传感膜具有高时空分辨率、可提供两维浓度分布信息的特点，开展了雨滴对水-气微界面层中的氧气扩散和pH值分布变化模拟实验，采用双参数平面光极同步测量获取低溶解气体在水-气界面的两维分布浓度变化。实验结果证明在受风速、温度影响较小区域，降雨过程对调节表层水体的溶解氧含量和pH值变化具有重要作用，雨滴可以打破水-气界面的微表层平衡机制，促进大气中氧气在表层水体的溶解，使得水面垂直方向23 mm内的溶解氧平均升高2.3 mg/L；降雨对水面12 mm之内表层水体pH值产生的影响较为明显，pH值平均降低了0.2~0.4个单位，表明降雨雨滴促进大气在水-气界面的迁移进程，溶解的CO₂使得表层水体向酸性方向转化。本文提出的基于平面光极两维观测方法为评估低风速、高降雨或低降雨区域的海岸带溶解氧和pH值的变化提供高空间分辨率的水-气界面实时观测新的技术支撑。  相似文献   

Origin of mud in turbidites and hybrid event beds: Insight from ponded mudstone caps of the Castagnola turbidite system (north-west Italy)     

Marco Patacci  Mattia Marini  Fabrizio Felletti  Andrea Di Giulio  Massimo Setti  William McCaffrey 《Sedimentology》2020,67(5):2625-2644

The partitioning of different grain-size classes in gravity flow deposits is one of the key characteristics used to infer depositional processes. Turbidites have relatively clean sandstones with most of their clay deposited as part of a mudstone cap or as a distal mudstone layer, whereas sand-bearing debrites commonly comprise mixtures of sand grains and interstitial clay; hybrid event beds develop alternations of clean and dirty (clay-rich) sandstones in varying proportions. Analysis of co-genetic mudstone caps in terms of thickness and composition is a novel approach that can provide new insight into gravity flow depositional processes. Bed thickness data from the ponded Castagnola system show that turbidites contain more clay overall than do hybrid event beds. The Castagnola system is characterized by deposits of two very different petrographic types. Thanks to this duality, analyses of sandstone and mudstone composition allow inference of which proportion of the clay in each of the deposit types was acquired en route. In combination with standard sedimentological observations the new data allow insight into the likely characteristics of their parent flows. Clean turbidites were deposited by lower concentration, long duration, erosive, muddy turbidity currents which were more efficient at fractionating clay particles away from their basal layer. Hybrid event beds were deposited by shorter duration, higher-concentration, less-erosive sandier flows which were less efficient at clay fractionation. The results are consistent with data from other turbidite systems (for example, Marnoso-arenacea). The approach represents a new method to infer the controls on the degree of clay partitioning in gravity flow deposits.  相似文献   

浙西南八都群古元古代和三叠纪变质和岩浆事件的年代学证据     

于英琪  辛宇佳  李建华  孙汉申  王文宝 《地球学报》2020,41(1):1-22

本文对华夏地块浙西南八都群片麻岩和侵入其中的花岗岩进行了系统的岩石学、地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学以及Lu-Hf同位素研究。结果表明,八都群片麻岩中的碎屑锆石普遍发育~1882 Ma的(变质)增生边,而侵入八都群花岗岩的结晶时代集中在1861~1841 Ma。综合本文及前人获得的岩石学和同位素年代学数据可知,华夏地块在古元古代晚期(1890~1850Ma)发生了一次强烈的造山事件,该期造山很可能与Columbia超大陆的聚合作用密切相关,华夏地块可能为Columbia超大陆的一个陆块。除此之外,本研究还在八都杂岩中获得了三叠纪变质锆石年龄(235±1)Ma,综合前人发表资料可知,这些古元古代基底岩石遭受了强烈的印支期改造,可能与华南大陆印支期造山作用相关。然而,关于古元古代基底的三叠纪变形变质、抬升和出露过程及其与印支期构造演化的内在联系,仍有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

The magnetic field strength and energy flux of energetic electrons in a microwave burst source region     

Ai-hua Zhou  Qi-jun Fu  He-qi Zhang  Xin-dong Wang 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1996,20(4):458-466

The observations of a microwave burst with multiple impulses on 1993 Oct 2, 073940–074100 UT are analysed. This event consists of multiple impulses superimposed on a slowly varying burst background. Our formula for coronal magnetic field diagnostics was used here for the first time to derive the field strength and information on the energetic electrons. The results are: 1) The mean spectral index of the impulsive component in the optically thin part is less than that of the slow background by 1 (a harder spectrum). The mean brightness temperature at 19.6 GHz of the former is 6 times that of the latter. 2) The mean magnetic strengths of the impulse and slow burst regions are 158 G and 531 G, respectively. The time variation in the slow burst region is saddle-shaped, being 50% lower in the middle than at the beginning and end. 3) The column density NL and number density N of energetic electrons in the impulsive component are 4% and 8% of those of the slow component, but the energy flux and emission coefficient are 100% and 800% greater. The two components appear to be produced by two different electron groups with different energy distributions in two different regions.  相似文献   

广西的玻璃陨石及其裂变径迹年龄     

陈世益 《南方国土资源》1996,(3)

近年来，在广西靖西、百色、博白、贵港等地先后发现了玻璃陨石，使得该物体的陨落地点从海南和广东雷州半岛地区向北推至广西北回归线附近。经采用裂变径迹法对靖西玻璃陨石作年龄测定，它陨落至今的年龄为０．７３７Ｍａ。其年龄值与我国琼雷地区以及印支地区、菲律宾、澳大利亚等地的玻璃陨石大致相同，同属亚澳散布区撞击事件的产物。由于亚澳散布区的玻璃陨石被公认为第四纪中更新世初期的事件地层学标志物，可据此划分中更新统和下更新统的地层界线  相似文献